Comparative Assessment of Residential Heating and Ventilation Packages: Operational Energy Performance and Screening Life-Cycle Carbon Context
住宅用暖房・換気パッケージの比較評価：運転エネルギー性能とスクリーニングライフサイクルカーボンコンテキスト (AI 翻訳)
Jan Stefanski, Anna Stefańska
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本研究はポーランドの標準住宅向け8種類の暖房・換気システムを比較評価。化石燃料主体のシステムは高いエネルギー消費とCO2排出を示す一方、再生可能エネルギー・ハイブリッド構成は環境性能を大幅に改善。スクリーニングLCAにより建物構造体の製造・建設段階のカーボン負荷が大きいことを確認。評価視点が結果解釈に影響する。
English
This study compares eight heating and ventilation packages for a reference single-family house in Poland using EPC indicators and a screening life-cycle carbon assessment. Fossil-dominated systems show highest primary energy demand and emissions, while renewable-supported and hybrid packages improve performance. The screening LCA reveals that embodied carbon from building fabric is a significant share of total burden. Results emphasize that operational indicators alone are insufficient and must be considered alongside at least a screening carbon context.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本ではZEH基準やライフサイクルカーボン評価の導入が進んでおり、本研究の比較枠組みは日本の住宅政策にも示唆を与える。特にポーランドの寒冷地データは日本の一部地域と共通点がある。
In the global GX context
This study provides a comparative methodology for assessing heating system performance in a cold climate, relevant to the EU's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and the growing focus on embodied carbon. The screening LCA approach aligns with global trends toward whole-life carbon accounting in building regulations.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Methodology for comparing heating system combinations with operational and embodied carbon metrics.
🏢実務担当者:Guidance on selecting low-carbon heating packages for residential buildings in cold climates.
🏛政策担当者:Need for integrated operational and embodied carbon performance metrics in building codes.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The environmental performance of residential buildings depends not only on envelope quality but also on the choice of heating, domestic hot water, and ventilation systems. This study presents a comparative assessment of eight technology packages for a reference single-family house located in Warsaw, Poland, using a harmonised framework under Polish EPC calculation assumptions, with identical building parameters, system boundaries, and functional assumptions for all variants. Operational performance was evaluated using Energy Performance Certificate indicators, including useful energy, final energy, non-renewable primary energy, operational CO2 emissions, and the share of renewable energy sources. In addition, a comparative 50-year scenario of operational CO2 emissions was developed, and a screening life-cycle carbon assessment of the reference building fabric and major building components was performed to provide a material and construction-related carbon context for the operational comparison. The embodied impacts of package-specific technical systems were excluded from the LCA scope. The results showed that fossil-dominated packages generated the highest primary energy demand and operational emissions, whereas renewable-supported and hybrid configurations substantially improved environmental performance. Under the adopted EPC-based accounting assumptions, the fully renewable packages achieved the lowest operational indicators; however, these variants should be interpreted as upper-bound theoretical scenarios rather than as demonstrated real-life zero-emission solutions. Therefore, they were not used as the main basis for the practical ranking. Among the practically comparable mixed configurations, the most favourable operational results were obtained for renewable-supported heat-pump-based packages. The screening life-cycle assessment indicated that a substantial part of the total environmental burden was associated with the product and construction stages of the reference building. The results confirm that the interpretation of residential technical packages depends strongly on the adopted assessment perspective and that operational indicators should be considered together with at least a screening-level carbon context for the building fabric. According to the calculation results, the EP value ranges from 0 to 90.8 kWh/(m2·year), depending on the technology package.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/su18115589first seen 2026-06-21 05:05:50
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