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インドにおけるESG開示の法的枠組み:BRSRと企業説明責任への影響に関する批判的考察

Legal Framework for ESG Disclosure in India: A Critical Analysis of BRSR and its Impact on Corporate Accountability (原題)

Rayman Dhaliwal

Crossrefプレプリント2026-01-01#開示インフラ経営インパクト: 調達リスク対象セクター: cross_sector
DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.7270738
原典: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7270738

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

インド証券取引委員会(SEBI)が導入したBRSR(事業責任・持続可能性報告)制度を法的観点から批判的に検討した論文。従来のBRRからの移行と国際基準・NGRBCとの整合性を分析し、企業説明責任の強化における実効性を評価する。執行体制、グリーンウォッシング、データ信頼性、規制遵守の課題を特定し、開示品質向上と国際基準整合のための規制改革を提言する。

English

This paper critically examines India's BRSR framework introduced by SEBI as a shift toward comprehensive ESG reporting aligned with international standards and NGRBC. It evaluates BRSR's effectiveness in enhancing corporate accountability and identifies challenges around enforcement, greenwashing, data reliability, and compliance. The study proposes regulatory reforms to strengthen disclosure quality and align India's ESG regime with emerging global standards.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

インドのBRSRは新興国における法定ESG開示の先行事例であり、日本企業のインド拠点・サプライチェーン対応や、SSBJ基準と国際基準の整合を議論する際の比較材料となる。グリーンウォッシング規制の設計論は有報・統合報告書の信頼性担保を検討する日本にとっても示唆に富む。

In the global GX context

BRSR is one of the most prominent mandatory ESG disclosure regimes in an emerging market, offering a comparative case for how ISSB-aligned frameworks are localized outside the EU and US. Its treatment of enforcement, greenwashing, and data assurance speaks directly to the global debate on disclosure reliability under ISSB and CSRD.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:新興国における法定ESG開示制度の実効性と執行課題を比較制度分析の枠組みで捉えられる。

🏢実務担当者:インド拠点・取引先を持つ企業はBRSR対応の実務要件とグリーンウォッシングリスクを把握できる。

🏛政策担当者:法定開示制度の執行設計とデータ信頼性担保のあり方について、SSBJ等の制度設計に参照可能。

📄 Abstract(原文)

<div> The growing prominence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations has fundamentally transformed corporate governance frameworks across jurisdictions. Investors, regulators, and other stakeholders increasingly demand transparency regarding the environmental and social impacts of corporate activities, as well as the governance mechanisms employed to address sustainability-related risks and opportunities. Consequently, ESG disclosures have emerged as an essential component of corporate accountability, enabling stakeholders to assess a company's commitment to sustainable and responsible business practices.  </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>       In India, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has sought to institutionalize ESG reporting through the introduction of the Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) framework. Implemented as a replacement for the earlier Business Responsibility Report (BRR), BRSR represents a significant regulatory shift toward comprehensive sustainability reporting aligned with international ESG standards and the National Guidelines on Responsible Business Conduct (NGRBC). 3 The framework seeks to enhance transparency, improve comparability of ESG disclosures, and strengthen stakeholder confidence in corporate governance practices.  </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>       This paper critically examines the legal framework governing ESG disclosures in India, with particular emphasis on the BRSR regime. It analyzes the evolution of sustainability reporting, evaluates the effectiveness of BRSR in enhancing corporate accountability, and identifies challenges relating to enforcement, greenwashing, data reliability, and regulatory compliance. The study further assesses whether the current framework adequately balances the objectives of transparency, investor protection, and sustainable corporate conduct. The paper concludes by proposing regulatory reforms aimed at strengthening accountability, improving disclosure quality, and aligning India's ESG framework with emerging international standards. </div>

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