The Relationship between Sustainability Reports, Firm Size, and Company Value: The Moderating Role of Profitability in Oil and Gas Issuers Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023

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🔬研究者:Provides empirical evidence on the moderating role of profitability in the sustainability reporting-firm value link in an emerging market context.

🏢実務担当者:Demonstrates that sustainability reporting can positively influence firm valuation, especially when combined with strong profitability.

🏛政策担当者:Offers insights for regulators in emerging economies on how sustainability disclosure requirements may affect market valuations.

General Background: The oil and gas sector in Indonesia holds a strategic economic role while simultaneously facing increasing environmental, social, and governance demands from regulators and investors. Specific Background: Listed oil and gas companies are required to disclose sustainability reports alongside maintaining financial performance amid commodity price volatility during the 2019–2023 period. Knowledge Gap: Prior empirical studies report inconsistent findings regarding the relationships between sustainability reporting, firm size, and firm value, as well as the moderating role of profitability, particularly within capital-intensive and environmentally sensitive sectors. Aims: This study examines the relationships between sustainability reporting and firm size with firm value, and analyzes profitability as a moderating variable among oil and gas companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Results: Using panel data regression on 50 firm-year observations, the findings show that sustainability reporting and firm size are positively and significantly associated with firm value. Profitability demonstrates a direct positive association with firm value and moderates the relationships between sustainability reporting and firm size with firm value. Novelty: The study extends prior research by integrating firm size as an explanatory variable and profitability as a moderating factor within the specific context of Indonesian oil and gas listed firms over a recent multi-year period. Implications: The results highlight the relevance of sustainability disclosure, corporate scale, and financial performance in shaping market valuation, offering insights for corporate management, investors, and policymakers concerned with sustainable corporate strategies in the oil and gas industry. Highlights: Sustainability disclosure shows a significant positive association with corporate valuation. Corporate scale demonstrates a statistically significant relationship with market-based value measures. Financial performance strengthens the relationships between disclosure practices, corporate scale, and valuation. Keywords: Pressure, ESG, Profitability

• openaire https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13071first seen 2026-05-14 22:23:14