GX & Decarbonization Research

Shreyan N

Salesforce Net Zero Cloud is a cloud-based carbon accounting and ESG reporting platform that tracks Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions, generates audit-ready reports aligned with GHG Protocol, CDP, SASB, CSRD, and TCFD, and uses AI for forecasting…

Viraj P. Tathavadekar, null Nitin R. Mahankale

This paper proposes a digital twin architecture to enhance Scope 3 emission transparency in supply networks. It presents a four-stage framework (data acquisition, virtual modeling, real-time monitoring, predictive optimization) and analyzes…

Lakshmi Srinivasan, Fu Zhao

This study quantifies Scope 1, 2, and 3 GHG emissions for an industrial gas carburizing process using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Analyzing a 9-hour carburizing cycle, it finds natural gas combustion contributes 76% of emissions, followed …

Helmig, Daniel

This doctoral dissertation quantitatively examines factors influencing net-zero GHG emissions in supply chains of German discrete manufacturing companies by 2040, focusing on Scope 3. A survey of 248 firms reveals negative correlations betw…

Miriam Borchardt, Giancarlo Pereira, Gabriel Milan +4

This systematic literature review examines how sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) literature addresses Scope 3 emissions. Analyzing 61 papers, it finds most focus on assessment and estimation, followed by reporting. Key challenges i…

Antonini, Stefano, Grisolia, Giulia, Blengini, Giovanni Andrea

This paper analyzes the decarbonization progress of the mining and metals industry based on public documents from 20 major companies. It finds that while renewable energy deployment drives short-term emission reductions, long-term targets r…

Kumar B, Sugantha, H. R, Swapna, Rathi, Dr. Renu +1

This paper reviews strategies to reduce carbon footprints in global supply chains, focusing on Scope 3 indirect emissions. It analyzes approaches such as sustainable sourcing, logistics optimization, circular economy, energy-efficient produ…

Astrid B. Nicolajsen, Anders Bjørn, Tim C. McAloone +1

This study analyzes the decarbonization strategies of six Danish early adopters of SBTs, finding a primary focus on Scope 1 and 2 emissions with limited efforts on Scope 3 in the early years. Gaps between required reductions and reported im…

Holly Lahd

This paper critically examines two corporate climate strategies—renewable energy PPAs and supplier engagement—against GHG Protocol standards and implementation realities. PPAs succeed due to clear accounting recognition and minimal business…

Pietro De Giovanni

This paper formalizes Scope 4 (avoided emissions) as the fourth pillar of corporate climate accounting and proposes a quantification method using a stadium decarbonization plan. It shows how cumulative Scope 4 impacts complement Scope 1-3 r…

Imen Ben Tahar, Dylan Possamaï, Xiaolu Tan

This paper characterizes optimal incentive schemes for ESG disclosure in a continuous-time principal-agent setting. A risk-averse principal contracts with heterogeneous agents whose disclosure signals correlate with a traded climate risk fa…

Mohan Shi

This paper compares carbon footprint structures and decarbonization plans of four major luxury conglomerates (LVMH, Kering, Prada, Richemont) based on ESG reports and CDP disclosures (2019-2024). Scope 3 emissions account for 68-90% of tota…

Xiao Zhenyu, Xin Xueling, Li Yue +1

This paper develops a DFSR model framework for transition finance evaluation in China's power industry, assessing 64 firms using Entropy Weight-TOPSIS. Key findings: driving force and response are critical dimensions; development is slow wi…

Blanche Brinda Yougang, Coolin-Campbell M. Zor, Charles Bom +1

This study empirically examines how environmental taxes, fossil fuel subsidies, public environmental expenditure, and trade in low-carbon technologies affect green bond issuance using panel data from 11 countries (2014-2022). Environmental …

Duran Cornelio, Luis M.

This paper analyzes the Dominican Republic's 2024 sovereign green bond ($750M) as a case study for climate finance in emerging markets. The issuance achieved a 15-basis-point greenium, but faces a $17.6B+ funding gap for NDC targets. To mit…

Campiglio, Emanuele, Deyris, Jérôme, Romelli, Davide +1

This study analyzes climate-related central bank communication using a novel dataset of 35,487 speeches from 131 central banks (1986-2023). Using NLP, it traces narratives on green finance and climate-related financial risks. Findings show …

Ruzieva, Yulduzkhon

This paper reviews innovative financial instruments for green projects, including green bonds, sustainability-linked loans, crowdfunding, and blended finance. It identifies key challenges such as low returns, high risk, weak regulations, an…

Amadi, P. U.

This paper analyzes tensions between climate regulations (fossil fuel phase-outs, carbon pricing, green incentives) and international investment law. It examines investment tribunal cases, arguing traditional investor protections may constr…

Tonimi Rotimi-Ojo, Juliana Kissiwah Somuah, Ndidi Ezeakunne +1

This review examines the application of financial intelligence and economic modeling to clean energy manufacturing in solar, wind, EV batteries, and green hydrogen. It evaluates tools like LCOE, DCF, real options, Monte Carlo simulations, a…

Zhipeng Zhang, Jie Tang, Dong Wang

This paper compares household mitigation policy design in China and the US using an Access Friction Index. It finds that in both countries, access to low-carbon options is shaped by institutional frictions such as housing tenure, tax liabil…