GX Research Hub · English
GX & Decarbonization Research
This page provides an English interface to the gxceed GX paper corpus. The corpus aggregates papers from 13 open scholarly metadata sources and uses AI-assisted classification to identify signals related to measurement, policy narratives, outcomes, implementation, industrial adoption, and verification.
The goal is not only to discover papers, but to observe how GX research is distributed across research substance, implementation narratives, external expectations, implementation substance, and judgment formation.
Summaries are AI-assisted. Always refer to the original paper for authoritative conclusions.
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalJournal of Accounting Literature2026#ESGDOI
The puzzle of environmental, social and governance (ESG) rating disagreement: trends, gaps and the road ahead
Dharmendra Singh, Garima Malik, Moez Ben Yedder
This study systematically reviews 164 articles on ESG rating disagreement using bibliographic coupling and TCCM framework. It identifies six research clusters, maps causes and consequences, and proposes an integrated conceptual model. The f…
🇪🇺 EuropeJournalReal Estate2026#ESGDOI
Understanding ESG Ratings: A Systematic Literature Review of Methodologies, Divergences, Impact, Standardization, Disclosure Quality, Technology, and Global Financial Implications (2020–2025)
Hannan Vilchis Zubizarreta, Delfor Tito Aquino
This systematic literature review synthesizes research from 2020-2025 on ESG ratings, focusing on methodologies, divergences, impact on firm outcomes, standardization, and global financial implications. Key findings include growing concerns…
🌍 GlobalDatasetZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)2026#ESGDOI
Replication package for "Convergence in Form, Persistence in Substance: The Evolving Dispersion of ESG Disclosure and Substance in Asian Banking
Dukyuen Han
This paper analyzes the convergence patterns of ESG disclosure among Asian banks. It finds that while disclosure formats converge, substantive content remains dispersed, and discusses implications for regulation and market pressure.
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalInternational Journal of Analysis and Applications2026#ESGDOI
The Stock Market Reaction to Public Bank ESG Disclosure: An Empirical Examination Across Asian Economies
Ngan Bich Nguyen, Tung Duy Duong, Phuong Ha Thi Ngo +2
This study examines the impact of ESG disclosure on investor reaction using an event study of 61 Asian banks in Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia, India, Taiwan, and China. Results show mostly negative stock price reactions, except Taiwan which ha…
Preprint🇪🇺 EuropeJournal of Business Models2025#ESGDOI
Non-Financial Reporting, Double Materiality, and Business Model Evaluation: An Empirical Study of ESG Ratings in Europe
Shami, Anis
This paper analyzes the impact of non-financial reporting frameworks and double materiality (DM) on ESG ratings using annual reports of 366 European listed companies from 2020-2022. Findings show that adoption of reporting frameworks is ass…
Preprint🌍 GlobalAdvances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences2025#ESGDOI
The Effect of ESG Performance on the Cost of Equity Capital
Jiayin Sun
This paper empirically examines the effect of ESG performance on the cost of equity capital. It finds that ESG reduces cost of equity through lower risk premiums, reduced information asymmetry, and a larger investor base. The effect is mode…
Peer-reviewed🇺🇸 USAJournalJ-STAGE#ESGDOI
Current Status and Limits of Voluntary ESG Disclosure in US Companies
米国企業におけるESG 情報開示の現状と任意開示の限界
(著者不明)
This paper reviews the current state of voluntary ESG disclosure by US companies and analyzes its limitations, highlighting issues of quality and comparability, and suggesting the need for regulatory requirements.
Peer-reviewedCNJournalSustainability2026#ESGDOI
Fostering the Digitalization–Greenization Synergy: Substantive ESG Improvement or Symbolic Disclosure? Evidence from China
Yuanyuan Wang, Mingzhe Yang, Shuoshuo Huang
Using Chinese A-share data from 2018-2024, this study empirically tests whether digital transformation drives genuine ESG improvement or merely symbolic disclosure. It finds that premium external assurance (Big 4 audits) is necessary to act…
Peer-reviewedCNJournalAsian Journal of Accounting Research2026#ESGDOI
The impact of ESG performance on firm performance: the moderating role of audit quality – evidence from China
Yuanyuan Wang, Chaiyot Sumritsakun, Arunee Yodbutr +1
This study examines the impact of ESG performance on firm profitability in China and the moderating role of audit quality. Using 35,175 firm-year observations from 2015-2024, it finds a positive but moderate association between ESG scores (…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalRAE Revista De Administracao De Empresas2024#ESGDOI
Evidence on environmental, social and governance practices associated with the cost of capital of companies in the capital markets in G20 countries
de Carvalho P.L.
This paper investigates the association between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices and the cost of capital for companies listed in G20 capital markets. It provides cross-country empirical evidence on how ESG performance i…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalJournal of International Studies2024#ESGDOI
ESG disclosure, firm internationalization, and firm financial performance: Evidence from Asia-Pacific
Hussain W.
This paper empirically examines the relationship between ESG disclosure, firm internationalization, and financial performance in the Asia-Pacific region. It suggests that internationalized firms may benefit more from ESG disclosure.
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalJournal of Accounting Literature2025#ESGDOI
Theories underlying environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure: a systematic review of accounting studies
Del Gesso C.
This paper systematically reviews the theories underlying ESG disclosure (e.g., legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory) from an accounting research perspective. It organizes the theoretical foundations and suggests future research directions…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalJurnal Semesta Ilmu Manajemen dan Ekonomi2026#ESGDOI
The Consequences of ESG Rating Divergence on CorporateTransparency and Disclosure Practices
Nayla Zahiya Syifa, Yusnaini Yusnaini
This systematic literature review examines how ESG rating divergence affects corporate transparency and disclosure. Differences in methodologies and data sources create information confusion, prompting firms to strengthen disclosure. Regula…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalF1000Research2026#ESGDOI
Between mandate and market: a structured review and conceptual framework linking ESG regulation, ratings, and firm performance
Alphasyah Lazuardy Sidarta, E. Sukoharsono, Abdul Ghofar +1
This integrative review synthesizes 55 sources to propose a causal chain from ESG regulation to disclosure, ratings (which diverge due to measurement and scope), and firm performance through risk and cost of capital. Greenwashing moderates …
Peer-reviewed🇨🇳 ChinaJournalInternational Review of Economics & Finance2026#ESGDOI
Annual report textual complexity and ESG rating disagreement
Dongliang Yuan, Jiexiang Shen, Li Yan
Using Chinese A-share listed firms (2013-2022), this study finds that more textually complex annual reports are associated with greater ESG rating disagreement. Complexity increases interpretation costs and subjective completion by rating a…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalEMAS2026#ESGDOI
Regulatory and Accountability Pressures in CSR and ESG Reporting: A Review of The Transition From Voluntary to Mandated Disclosure
Cheryl Gem D. Abraham, Anik Yuesti, Joel Arante Alve
This literature review examines the global transition from voluntary to mandatory CSR and ESG reporting. It finds that mandatory frameworks enhance transparency and comparability but face challenges in enforcement consistency and reporting …
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalJournal Markcount Finance2026#ESGDOI
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) REPORTING: ENHANCING TRANSPARENCY IN SUSTAINABLE FINANCE
Getah Ester Hayatullah, Napat Chai, Ming Pong
This paper systematically reviews the role of ESG reporting in enhancing transparency in sustainable finance. Using a qualitative approach, it finds that high-quality, standardized ESG disclosures reduce information asymmetry and strengthen…
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalCorporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management2024#ESGDOI
ESG disclosure in G7 countries: Do board cultural diversity and structure policy matter?
Aliani K.
This study examines the impact of board cultural diversity and structural policies on ESG disclosure in G7 countries, suggesting that diverse boards improve ESG reporting quality.
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalBusiness Strategy and the Environment2026#ESGDOI
Validated Signalling: How Ownership Structure Enhances ESG Disclosure Credibility in an Emerging Market
Ajab Khan, Alhashmi Aboubaker Lasyoud, Mariam Abbas
This paper examines how different ownership types (business groups, institutional blockholders, family blockholders) affect ESG disclosure credibility and valuation relevance using a panel of 84 Turkish firms (2014-2024). Results show that …
Peer-reviewed🌍 GlobalJournalAccounting Perspectives2026#ESGDOI
Corporate Governance Pillars and
<scp>ESG</scp>
Disclosure: A Systematic Literature Review
Salma Charifa Kartout, Hanen Khemakhem
This systematic literature review examines the roles of three corporate governance pillars (management, audit committees, external auditors) in ESG disclosure, analyzing 181 articles from 2009-2024. Findings show management's role is most p…