GX & Decarbonization Research

Rolf Schmid, Lars Börger, Michael Carus +1

The European chemical industry, heavily reliant on fossil feedstocks, must decarbonize energy and defossilize carbon in products to meet climate goals. This brief reviews renewable energy and hydrogen supply trends, and the development of g…

Nadia Cerone, Luca Contuzzi, Giuseppe Domenico Zito +3

This study conducts a cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of biochar produced from agricultural wood waste via pyro-gasification. Comparing a basic scenario with one that recovers heat, the authors find a Global Warming Potential (G…

Jiachen Shen, Jian Shi, Hui Zhong +3

This paper applies mechanism-guided graph learning to evaluate carbon border policies (e.g., CBAM) in interconnected European electricity markets, integrating AI methods with climate policy assessment to quantify cross-border policy spillov…

Wolf DD, Westeinde MV, Qu C

This study evaluates battery electric buses (BEBs) versus hydrogen fuel cell buses (FCEBs) for Brussels' STIB transit agency using LCA, TCO, expert interviews, and multi-criteria analysis. FCEBs show lower emissions under renewable hydrogen…

Kollia M

This Perspective proposes the ZERO framework to shift AI data-centre sustainability evaluation upstream, before resource consumption. It combines hard admissibility constraints, workload characterisation, local resource-state assessment, fe…

Zhang Q, Sheng S, Liu T

A two-stage lexicographic framework for geo-distributed AI inference that preserves service while optimizing carbon and water. Trace-driven analysis of 26,392 requests reveals a 21-point carbon-water frontier, quantifying trade-offs. Provid…

Dimitriadis D, Papana A, Katrakilidis C

This study examines carbon intensity convergence across European NUTS-2 regions using panel data from 2000-2024 and spatial econometric models. It finds significant conditional beta-convergence, persistent spatial dependence, and slower adj…

Ho-Tran L, Pfenninger-Lee S

This study provides a global classification of renewable energy zones, analogous to Koppen-Geiger climate zones, to identify deployment constraints and opportunities for wind-solar-only systems. It finds that land with abundant and temporal…

Zhu, Ziwei, Clements, Hayley, Zhang, Xiaoling

This study quantifies the impact of energy-transition mineral mining on biodiversity, measured as species abundance loss. It decomposes effects into direct conversion, disturbance, and fragmentation, and projects future mining pressure unde…

Springer, Martin, Brown, Matthew, Ovaitt, Silvana +4

PVDeg is an open-source Python package developed at NREL for modeling photovoltaic (PV) module degradation. It simulates degradation mechanisms like LeTID and hydrolysis using weather data, integrating Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation an…

Dzikowski, Ryszard

This white paper proposes a standardized energy-logistics architecture using molecular energy carriers to address renewable curtailment and grid congestion. It argues that existing technologies can be integrated through standardized interfa…

Yao, Huaying

This replication package audits corporate climate-target claims against mandatory verified emissions from the EU Transaction Log and US EPA GHGRP. Using only public data, it parses 1,779 claims into six adjudication tiers and documents sens…

Dubey, Yash, Sievert, Katrin, Schmidt, Tobias

This dataset supports research evaluating the cost-effectiveness of synthetic fuels and CO2 removal for achieving net-zero aviation. It provides foundational data for comparing economic options in aviation decarbonization.

Ziluo Fu, Wei Shen

This paper analyzes the IMO Net-Zero Framework (NZF) through a two-level game lens, explaining why approval for circulation in April 2025 did not lead to timely adoption. It identifies domestic, regional, and sectoral constraints—such as EU…

Carles Vergara-Alert, Alex Melendez-Ramos

This study exploits the June 2022 methodology revision for non-domestic EPCs in England and Wales as a natural experiment, showing that grid decarbonisation can improve carbon-weighted ratings without building improvements. 80.5% of reasses…

Samuel Stephenson, Jonathan Cullen, Andre Cabrera Serrenho

Coupling GCAM with a stock-flow model, this study estimates demand for six critical minerals across five SSPs. Paris-aligned futures raise demand 150-250% above baseline by 2050, while sustainability pathways cut it 24-37%. Inequality and f…

Kosi U.

This paper investigates the readiness of firms for the EU's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). It analyzes the complexity of disclosure requirements and data collection challenges, assessing the degree of corporate prepare…

Yating Zhang, Dustin T. Cook, S. Sattar +3

This paper proposes a hybrid method combining unit process analysis and economic input-output analysis to quantify embodied carbon emissions from post-earthquake building repair and functional loss. It accounts for repair materials, transpo…

Sohidul Islam, Reday Chandra Bhowmik, H. G. Sulimany +3

Using quantile-on-quantile regression on G7 data (1995-2023), this study finds green finance consistently reduces ecological footprint, while green innovation and recycling show positive effects in most quantiles, and energy transition has …

Annisa Fithria, R. Ainy, Andreas Vernando +2

Using panel data of 576 banks across 62 countries from 2009-2023, this study finds that IFRS adoption is positively associated with ESG disclosure, especially for environmental and social components. Major events like the Paris Agreement an…