GX & Decarbonization Research

Zhihan Qiu

This paper examines the application of digital technologies (IoT, big data, AI) in ship energy efficiency management to comply with IMO regulations like CII. It analyzes practices in fuel monitoring, route optimization, and power control, i…

Patrick Fitz, Felix Fellner, Raphael Rößlhuemer +2

This paper reviews methanol and ethanol as alternative energy carriers for transport decarbonization. It assesses production pathways, cost trajectories, engine performance, and emissions. Regulatory frameworks across six major markets (EU,…

Rosemary Oluchi Paul-Okore, Moses Adondua Abah, Micheal Abimbola Oladosu +5

This review systematically synthesizes energy efficiency measures in maritime transport across design (hull optimization, propulsion) and operation (speed optimization, weather routing, just-in-time arrival). It highlights digital technolog…

Dan Zhuge, Jingwen Wu, Lu Zhen +2

This study addresses fleet deployment and speed optimization for ships with multiple emission reduction technologies (scrubbers, LNG, methanol) under sulfur regulations and EU ETS. A MINLP model is proposed, and a Benders decomposition algo…

Shiwei Zhou, Xinglong Liu, Feng Zhang +1

This paper proposes a genetic algorithm (GA)-based ship path optimization framework that uses AIS data to incorporate wind speed and ocean currents, aiming to minimize fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Evaluated on real AIS datasets, i…

Achilleas Grigoriadis, Theofanis D. Chountalas, E. Fragkou +2

This study develops updated load-dependent emission factors for ships, incorporating alternative fuels (LNG, methanol, ammonia, biofuels) and emission control technologies. Using statistical analysis of literature data and on-board measurem…

Ruikai Sun, W. Abouarghoub, Emrah Demir +1

This study analyzes the environmental and economic impacts of rerouting shipping due to the 2024 Red Sea crisis. Using AIS data and modeling, it finds GHG emissions increase by 46% and costs by 51% when vessels take the Cape of Good Hope ro…

Doru Coșofreț, Florin Postolache, Adrian Popa +2

This paper proposes a hybrid digital CO2 emission-control technology for maritime transport using physics-informed adaptive speed optimization. It integrates exact optimization (Backtracking, Dynamic Programming) with reinforcement learning…

Kelsey Pailman

This paper analyzes EU and IMO legal frameworks for hydrogen-based fuels in maritime shipping, identifying regulatory challenges. Using the Hydrogen Prism framework, it evaluates cohesiveness, risk mitigation, and compliance, calling for al…

Runze Mao, Kai Liu, Jingfeng Liu +4

This review provides a data-driven comparative analysis of LNG, battery, and hydrogen fuel cell technologies for maritime decarbonization, analyzing 1,053 ships in operation as of 2023. It finds that LNG serves as a transitional solution co…

Moses Adjei, Judith van Leeuwen, H. Pereira

This paper examines governance challenges and barriers to implementing the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) in the shipping sector, analyzing design, enforcement, and international coordination issues that affect the effectiveness of decar…

Saana Ollila

This thesis analyzes the design and effects of carbon pricing in maritime shipping, combining four papers. It examines short-run responses (speed reduction, demand shifts) and long-run effects (R&D investment, alternative fuels, learning-by…

P. Rebelo

This paper assesses the viability of Book-and-Claim (B&C) systems as a compliance pathway under the IMO Net-Zero Framework (NZF). B&C decouples physical fuel consumption from environmental claims, and the authors argue that regulatory desig…

Wen Yi, Huan Liu, Tingkun He +7

This paper develops the SEIM-forecast framework to project international shipping CO2 emissions under 24 scenarios linking trade demand, fleet dynamics, and spatial patterns. Future emissions could increase 81-96.9% by 2050 if no measures. …

Cenk Kaya, Hao Guo, Firat Bolat +6

This review comprehensively examines ship energy efficiency strategies for maritime decarbonization. It evaluates seven technology domains (engines/fuels, CCS, shore power, waste heat recovery, air lubrication, solar/wind, batteries/fuel ce…

Juei-Cheng Jao, Muhammad Hanzla Alvi

This paper examines legal frameworks for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) in the context of maritime decarbonization. It argues that existing conventions designed for crewed vessels create gaps in safety, cybersecurity, and liabilit…

Mohamed Tawfik

This study examines the determinants of decarbonization initiative adoption in the shipping industry, finding that operational and technological efficiencies are the strongest drivers, followed by regulatory frameworks and sustainable energ…

Saiyeed Jakaria Baksh Imran, C.A.M. Al Wahi

This study analyzes the IMO's 2023 GHG strategy, arguing that the net-zero by 2050 target is unrealistic due to technological barriers, high costs, and insufficient market-based measures. Through qualitative analysis, it identifies gaps in …

Michael Tsimplis

This paper analyzes IMO and EU shipping decarbonization measures (EEDI, EEXI, CII, MARPOL amendments, FuelEU Maritime, EU ETS). It argues that energy efficiency indexes legitimize inefficient ships, while penalties and the EU ETS create fin…

Ateeq Ur Rehman, Dario Atzori, Sandra Corasaniti +3

This study proposes a multi-objective optimization approach for a flat glass processing SME to become a prosumer in a renewable energy community (REC). It optimizes energy cost, carbon emissions, and load curtailment using four algorithms (…